Exploración Activa

All Missions

Exploring the Red Planet

Missions
48
Launched
Active
7
In progress
Success
27
Historical
Efficiency
56.3%
Global rate
Rover
7
Mobile robots
Lander
8
Stationary landers
Orbiter
20
Orbiting satellites
Helicopter
1
Mars Helicopters

Chronology of Mars Exploration

Navigate through the missions launched to the Red Planet from 1960 to today.

Active / In Progress
Completed / Success
Failed
Other

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Base de Datos

Sojourner
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NASA

Sojourner

Agency

The Mars Pathfinder mission (1996) was a milestone that validated airbag landing systems and deployed the first mobile vehicle on Mars, the Sojourner. Designed to last 7 sols, the 10.6 kg rover operated for 83 sols, analyzing rock chemical composition with its APXS spectrometer and capturing 550 images. The mission confirmed a watery past in Ares Vallis and demonstrated the success of NASA's low-cost philosophy.

Mission Complete
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Viking 2 Orbiter
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NASA

Viking 2 Orbiter

Agency

The Viking 2 Orbiter was inserted into Mars orbit on August 7, 1976. After deploying its lander, it operated independently conducting global, climatic, and atmospheric mapping. Its milestones include a close flyby of the moon Deimos and photographic confirmation of water ice at the north polar cap. The mission concluded on July 25, 1978, following a leak in its propulsion system.

Mission Complete
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Viking 2 Lander
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NASA

Viking 2 Lander

Agency

The Viking 2 Lander touched down in Utopia Planitia on September 3, 1976. It operated for 1281 sols, far exceeding its planned 90-day lifespan, until battery failure on April 11, 1980. It was the first mission to photograph seasonal water frost on the Martian surface and to successfully operate a seismometer on the planet, in addition to conducting controversial biological experiments.

Mission Complete
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Viking 1 (Lander)
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NASA

Viking 1 (Lander)

Agency

NASA's Viking 1 mission, launched in 1975, was a historic milestone. Comprising an orbiter and a lander, it achieved the first successful, long-duration US landing on Mars on July 20, 1976. While the orbiter mapped the planet, revealing river valleys, the lander conducted the first in-situ experiments to search for life, yielding ambiguous results that redefined Martian exploration.

Mission Complete
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Viking 1 (Orbiter)
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NASA

Viking 1 (Orbiter)

Agency

NASA's Viking 1 mission, launched in 1975, was a historic milestone. Comprising an orbiter and a lander, it achieved the first successful, long-duration US landing on Mars on July 20, 1976. While the orbiter mapped the planet, revealing river valleys, the lander conducted the first in-situ experiments to search for life, yielding ambiguous results that redefined Martian exploration.

Mission Complete
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Mars 7
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SKP

Mars 7

Agency

Launched on August 9, 1973, with the objective of performing a soft landing. Due to the degradation of onboard computer chips, the lander separated prematurely (or failed its correction maneuver) on March 9, 1974. The probe missed atmospheric entry and flew past the surface at a distance of 1,300 km, becoming trapped in a useless heliocentric orbit.

Orbital Failure
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