Mars exploration database

All Missions

Every mission ever sent to the Red Planet: orbiters, landers, rovers and the helicopter that flew. Filter, explore the chronology and open each file.

64MissionsLaunched
8ActiveWorking now
50%Success rateReached their goal
7Rovers
13Landers
30Orbiters
1Helicopters

Chronology of Mars exploration

Drag, scroll or use the arrows. The bars show how many missions launched each year: they cluster around the launch windows that open every 26 months.

ActiveCompletedFailedUpcoming
All64 Active8 Completed25 Failed28 Upcoming5
All Orbiter30 Lander13 Rover7 Flyby14 Helicopter1 Sample return1
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En route
NASA

ESCAPADE Gold (SIMPLEx-4B)

ESCAPADE Gold (SIMPLEx-4B) is one of the two twin spacecraft of NASA's ESCAPADE mission designed to jointly investigate Mars' three-dimensional magnetosphere and the loss of its atmosphere to the solar wind. Launched on November 13, 2025, via a New Glenn rocket, it is currently in interplanetary transit with an expected arrival at Mars in September 2027.

Orbiter
En route
NASA

ESCAPADE Blue (SIMPLEx-4A)

The ESCAPADE Blue mission (SIMPLEx-4A), developed by NASA and UC Berkeley alongside industrial partners, is part of a pair of twin spacecraft designed to study Mars' hybrid magnetosphere in stereo for the first time. Launched in November 2025, it is currently in its cruise phase toward the red planet to quantify atmospheric loss processes.

Orbiter
Planned
NASA

Aeolus

The Aeolus orbital mission (2028), structured through a public-private partnership between NASA and Relativity Space under a Space Act Agreement, will deploy the innovative DWTS radiometer to continuously map Mars' winds and three-dimensional thermal profiles. Utilizing the Terran R heavy launcher and an onboard AI data center, this meteorological mission will mitigate atmospheric density risks for future crewed landing systems following the loss of the MAVEN probe.

Orbiter