All Missions

NASA

ESCAPADE Gold (SIMPLEx-4B)

ESCAPADE Gold (SIMPLEx-4B) is one of the two twin spacecraft of NASA's ESCAPADE mission designed to jointly investigate Mars' three-dimensional magnetosphere and the loss of its atmosphere to the solar wind. Launched on November 13, 2025, via a New Glenn rocket, it is currently in interplanetary transit with an expected arrival at Mars in September 2027.

NASA

ESCAPADE Blue (SIMPLEx-4A)

The ESCAPADE Blue mission (SIMPLEx-4A), developed by NASA and UC Berkeley alongside industrial partners, is part of a pair of twin spacecraft designed to study Mars' hybrid magnetosphere in stereo for the first time. Launched in November 2025, it is currently in its cruise phase toward the red planet to quantify atmospheric loss processes.

NASA

Europa Clipper

NASA's Europa Clipper mission, launched in October 2024 aboard a Falcon Heavy rocket, is currently in its interplanetary cruise phase heading toward the Jupiter system. After successfully completing a gravity assist and calibration flyby of Mars in February 2025, the spacecraft is headed toward an upcoming Earth gravity assist maneuver. Its primary goal upon arriving at Jupiter will be to assess the habitability of the moon Europa through multiple scientific flybys.

ESA

Hera

The Hera probe successfully completed its Mars and Deimos flyby on March 12, 2025, using gravity assist to optimize its route to Didymos. The deep-space campaign validated its optical, hyperspectral, and thermal sensors through unprecedented analysis of the far side of Deimos.

NASA

Psyche

NASA's Psyche spacecraft successfully completed its hyperbolic Mars flyby at an altitude of 4,609 km, utilizing gravity assist to correct its orbital plane and gain 447 m/s in velocity. The maneuver overcame a propulsion xenon line anomaly and provided high-precision calibration for its science payload.

NASA

Ingenuity

The Ingenuity helicopter validated controlled flight in the thin Martian atmosphere by completing 72 autonomous missions over three years. Its visual-inertial navigation system suffered a fatal loss of optical flow over uniform dunes during Flight 72, causing horizontal drift and a terminal impact that fractured its rotors.

NASA

Perseverance (Mars 2020)

Perseverance (Mars 2020), launched by NASA on July 30, 2020, is a rover designed to search for signs of ancient microbial life in Jezero crater, characterize Martian geology, and collect samples for a future return to Earth. Equipped with advanced scientific instruments and the Ingenuity technology helicopter, the mission remains operational and in an extended phase, breaking distance records on the Martian surface.

CNSA

Zhurong (Rover)

Part of Zhurong

CNSA's Zhurong rover, part of the Tianwen-1 mission, explored Utopia Planitia starting in May 2021. It surpassed its nominal 90-sol design life and traveled 1,921 meters, revealing complex subsurface stratigraphy and evidence of past aqueous activity before communications ceased in May 2022 due to dust accumulation.

CNSA

Tianwen-1 (Orbiter)

Part of Zhurong

Tianwen-1 is China's first comprehensive interplanetary mission to Mars, consisting of an orbiter, a lander, and the Zhurong rover. Launched in July 2020, it reached Martian orbit in February 2021 and successfully delivered its payload to Utopia Planitia. The orbiter continues to gather advanced geological, atmospheric, and mineralogical data.

CNSA

Tianwen-1 (Lander)

Part of Zhurong

The CNSA's Tianwen-1 mission marked China's first successful landing on the Martian surface with a lander and the Zhurong rover in Utopia Planitia. After exceeding its designed lifespan and completing its scientific objectives on geology and the subsurface, the primary surface mission concluded successfully.

UAESA

Hope (Al Amal)

The UAESA Hope probe revolutionized Martian meteorology through a high elliptical orbit that enabled continuous modeling of the global atmosphere across all local time zones. Its key achievements include discovering the sinuous discrete aurora, patchy proton aurora, confirming Deimos's planetary basaltic origin, and intercepting the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS.

NASA

InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport)

InSight was a NASA stationary lander designed to investigate the deep interior and internal structure of Mars. Launched in May 2018, it deployed seismological and thermal instruments in Elysium Planitia, successfully mapping the planet's crust, mantle, and core for the first time. The mission concluded in December 2022 after its power was depleted due to dust accumulation.